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| 1 | <?php |
| 2 | declare(strict_types=1); |
| 3 | /** |
| 4 | * Pop PHP Framework (https://www.popphp.org/) |
| 5 | * |
| 6 | * @link https://github.com/popphp/popphp-framework |
| 7 | * @author Nick Sagona, III <nick@popphp.org> |
| 8 | * @copyright Copyright (c) 2009-2026 Nick Sagona, III |
| 9 | * @license https://www.popphp.org/license New BSD License |
| 10 | */ |
| 11 | |
| 12 | /** |
| 13 | * @namespace |
| 14 | */ |
| 15 | namespace Pop\Pdf\Build\Security; |
| 16 | |
| 17 | /** |
| 18 | * Per-object/per-string AES-CBC encryption for PDF's Standard Security |
| 19 | * Handler. A random 16-byte IV is prepended to every encrypted buffer - |
| 20 | * that IV is what a decrypting reader (Plan 2) reads back off the front of |
| 21 | * the ciphertext. |
| 22 | * |
| 23 | * @category Pop |
| 24 | * @package Pop\Pdf |
| 25 | * @author Nick Sagona, III <nick@popphp.org> |
| 26 | * @copyright Copyright (c) 2009-2026 Nick Sagona, III |
| 27 | * @license https://www.popphp.org/license New BSD License |
| 28 | * @version 6.2.0 |
| 29 | */ |
| 30 | class ObjectCipher |
| 31 | { |
| 32 | /** |
| 33 | * Encrypt a buffer for revision 6 (AES-256). The file key is used |
| 34 | * directly - ISO 32000-2's Algorithm 1.A - unlike revision 4, there is |
| 35 | * no separate per-object key derivation step. |
| 36 | * |
| 37 | * @param string $fileKey 32 raw bytes |
| 38 | * @param string $data |
| 39 | * @return string |
| 40 | */ |
| 41 | public static function encryptAes256(string $fileKey, string $data): string |
| 42 | { |
| 43 | if (strlen($fileKey) !== 32) { |
| 44 | throw new Exception('File key for AES-256 must be exactly 32 bytes'); |
| 45 | } |
| 46 | $iv = random_bytes(16); |
| 47 | $ciphertext = openssl_encrypt($data, 'aes-256-cbc', $fileKey, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv); |
| 48 | if ($ciphertext === false) { |
| 49 | throw new Exception('AES-256 encryption failed'); |
| 50 | } |
| 51 | return $iv . $ciphertext; |
| 52 | } |
| 53 | |
| 54 | /** |
| 55 | * Encrypt a buffer for revision 4 (AES-128). ISO 32000-1 Algorithm 1: |
| 56 | * the per-object key is derived from the file key mixed with the |
| 57 | * object's number/generation (low-order bytes, little-endian) plus a |
| 58 | * fixed "sAlT" suffix that signals AES rather than RC4 content |
| 59 | * encryption, truncated to min(fileKeyLength + 5, 16) bytes. |
| 60 | * |
| 61 | * @param string $fileKey 16 raw bytes |
| 62 | * @param int $objectNumber |
| 63 | * @param int $generation |
| 64 | * @param string $data |
| 65 | * @return string |
| 66 | */ |
| 67 | public static function encryptAes128(string $fileKey, int $objectNumber, int $generation, string $data): string |
| 68 | { |
| 69 | if (strlen($fileKey) !== 16) { |
| 70 | throw new Exception('File key for AES-128 must be exactly 16 bytes'); |
| 71 | } |
| 72 | $objectKey = self::deriveObjectKey($fileKey, $objectNumber, $generation); |
| 73 | $iv = random_bytes(16); |
| 74 | $ciphertext = openssl_encrypt($data, 'aes-128-cbc', $objectKey, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv); |
| 75 | if ($ciphertext === false) { |
| 76 | throw new Exception('AES-128 encryption failed'); |
| 77 | } |
| 78 | return $iv . $ciphertext; |
| 79 | } |
| 80 | |
| 81 | /** |
| 82 | * Decrypt a buffer for revision 6 (AES-256). Inverse of encryptAes256(). |
| 83 | * |
| 84 | * @param string $fileKey 32 raw bytes |
| 85 | * @param string $data IV-prefixed ciphertext, as produced by encryptAes256() |
| 86 | * @throws Exception |
| 87 | * @return string |
| 88 | */ |
| 89 | public static function decryptAes256(string $fileKey, string $data): string |
| 90 | { |
| 91 | if (strlen($fileKey) !== 32) { |
| 92 | throw new Exception('File key for AES-256 must be exactly 32 bytes'); |
| 93 | } |
| 94 | if (strlen($data) < 16) { |
| 95 | throw new Exception('Encrypted data is too short to contain an IV'); |
| 96 | } |
| 97 | |
| 98 | $iv = substr($data, 0, 16); |
| 99 | $ciphertext = substr($data, 16); |
| 100 | $plaintext = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext, 'aes-256-cbc', $fileKey, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv); |
| 101 | |
| 102 | if ($plaintext === false) { |
| 103 | throw new Exception('AES-256 decryption failed'); |
| 104 | } |
| 105 | |
| 106 | return $plaintext; |
| 107 | } |
| 108 | |
| 109 | /** |
| 110 | * Decrypt a buffer for revision 4 (AES-128). Inverse of encryptAes128(). |
| 111 | * |
| 112 | * @param string $fileKey 16 raw bytes |
| 113 | * @param int $objectNumber |
| 114 | * @param int $generation |
| 115 | * @param string $data IV-prefixed ciphertext, as produced by encryptAes128() |
| 116 | * @throws Exception |
| 117 | * @return string |
| 118 | */ |
| 119 | public static function decryptAes128(string $fileKey, int $objectNumber, int $generation, string $data): string |
| 120 | { |
| 121 | if (strlen($fileKey) !== 16) { |
| 122 | throw new Exception('File key for AES-128 must be exactly 16 bytes'); |
| 123 | } |
| 124 | if (strlen($data) < 16) { |
| 125 | throw new Exception('Encrypted data is too short to contain an IV'); |
| 126 | } |
| 127 | |
| 128 | $objectKey = self::deriveObjectKey($fileKey, $objectNumber, $generation); |
| 129 | $iv = substr($data, 0, 16); |
| 130 | $ciphertext = substr($data, 16); |
| 131 | $plaintext = openssl_decrypt($ciphertext, 'aes-128-cbc', $objectKey, OPENSSL_RAW_DATA, $iv); |
| 132 | |
| 133 | if ($plaintext === false) { |
| 134 | throw new Exception('AES-128 decryption failed'); |
| 135 | } |
| 136 | |
| 137 | return $plaintext; |
| 138 | } |
| 139 | |
| 140 | /** |
| 141 | * Derive the AES-128 per-object key from the file key and the object's number/generation |
| 142 | * |
| 143 | * @param string $fileKey |
| 144 | * @param int $objectNumber |
| 145 | * @param int $generation |
| 146 | * @return string |
| 147 | */ |
| 148 | protected static function deriveObjectKey(string $fileKey, int $objectNumber, int $generation): string |
| 149 | { |
| 150 | $input = $fileKey; |
| 151 | $input .= chr($objectNumber & 0xFF) . chr(($objectNumber >> 8) & 0xFF) . chr(($objectNumber >> 16) & 0xFF); |
| 152 | $input .= chr($generation & 0xFF) . chr(($generation >> 8) & 0xFF); |
| 153 | $input .= "\x73\x41\x6C\x54"; // "sAlT" - AES content marker, ISO 32000-1 Algorithm 1 step (c) |
| 154 | |
| 155 | $digest = md5($input, true); |
| 156 | $keyLength = min(strlen($fileKey) + 5, 16); |
| 157 | |
| 158 | return substr($digest, 0, $keyLength); |
| 159 | } |
| 160 | } |